Caliphate means the federal government owned by the Islam and which represents political unity, fraternity and leadership of the Muslim world by the application of the Islamic law known as Shariah. In Arabic term it is referred as Khilafah. The Caliph is the name for the head of state and it is the only type of government authoritative in traditional Islamic theology.
The Caliphs were frequently referred to as Amīr al-Mu'minīn or in a more colloquial term, leader of the Muslims. In the past Sultanate or the member of the State of the Caliphate had its own governor known as Emir or Wali. The land where the Caliphate lived was referred to as Dar al-Islam. Madinah was the capitol were the first Caliphate resided, after the Islamic Prophet Muhammad's death. The last Caliphate was known as the Ottoman caliphate. He was officially eliminated by Mustafa Kemal after the foundation of the Republic of Turkey in 1924.
The Caliphs were frequently referred to as Amīr al-Mu'minīn or in a more colloquial term, leader of the Muslims. In the past Sultanate or the member of the State of the Caliphate had its own governor known as Emir or Wali. The land where the Caliphate lived was referred to as Dar al-Islam. Madinah was the capitol were the first Caliphate resided, after the Islamic Prophet Muhammad's death. The last Caliphate was known as the Ottoman caliphate. He was officially eliminated by Mustafa Kemal after the foundation of the Republic of Turkey in 1924.