What Does Surplus Mean?

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What Does Surplus Mean?

2 Answers

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Answer 1

Surplus can have following meanings:
The amount that remains when use or need is satisfied,
An excess of receipts over disbursements [or] the excess of a corporation's net worth over the par or stated value of its stock,
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Profits remaining after subtracting for operating expenses, taxes, interest and insurance.
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A surplus is the opposite of a deficit. When a country exports more then it imports, it is said to have a trade surplus.
The primary budget surplus (or deficit) of a government is the surplus excluding interest payments on its outstanding debt.
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Answer 2

Surplus labour is a concept used by Karl Marx in his critique of political economy, The historical emergence of surplus labour is, according to Marx, also closely associated with the growth of trade (the economic exchange of goods and services) and with the emergence of a society divided into social classes. As soon as a permanent surplus product can be produced, the moral-political question arises as to how it should be distributed, and for whose benefit surplus-labour should be performed. The strong defeat the weak, and it becomes possible for a social elite to gain control over the surplus-labour and surplus product of the working population; they can live off the labour of others.