A Protestant is a member of any of the Christian churches that separated from Roman communion (the Catholic Church) during the Reformation of the 16th century. A major founder of Protestantism was Martin Luther, a German priest who in 1517 wrote a "protest" attacking certain practices of the Catholic church such as the sale of indulgences (a system where rich people could pay to have their sins "forgiven" instead of doing penance.) He refused to retract any of his criticisms and publicly separated from the church.
Later in the same century, a number of new religious movements came into being, which refused to acknowledge the authority of the Catholic church and, therefore, of the Pope. One of these was the Church of England. These movements are still called Protestant, because they were founded on a protest. One version of Protestantism still in existence today is named Lutheranism after its founder.
Later in the same century, a number of new religious movements came into being, which refused to acknowledge the authority of the Catholic church and, therefore, of the Pope. One of these was the Church of England. These movements are still called Protestant, because they were founded on a protest. One version of Protestantism still in existence today is named Lutheranism after its founder.