It is excessive vomiting in early pregnancy
What Is Hyper Emesis Gravidarum?
Hyper emesis gravidarum is severe and excessive nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, which leads to electrolyte, metabolic, and nutritional imbalance in the absence of other medical problems.
The etiology of hyper emesis gravidarum is obscure. Suggestive causative factors include:
1. High levels of hCG in early pregnancy.
2. Metabolic or nutritional deficiencies.
3. More common in unmarried white women and first pregnancies.
4. Ambivalence toward the pregnancy or family – related stress.
5. Thyroid dysfunction.
Continued vomiting results in dehydration and ultimately decreases amount of blood and nutrients circulated to the developing fetus. Hospitalization may be required for severe symptoms when the client needs intravenous hydration and correction of metabolic imbalances.
Signs and symptoms occur during the first 16 weeks of pregnancy and are intractable. The clinical manifestations include: unremitting nausea and vomiting, vomiting initially containing undigested food, bile, and mucus; later containing blood and material that resembles coffee ground, and weight loss.
Other common signs and symptoms include: pale dry skin, rapid pulse, fetid fruity breath odor from acidosis, and central nervous system effects such as confusion, headache, and lethargy, stupor, or coma.
The nursing management includes:
1. Promote resolution of the complications.
a. Make sure the client receives nothing by mouth until cessation of vomiting.
b. Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed: they may be given on an ambulatory basis when dehydration is mild.
c. Measure and record fluid intake and output.
d. Encourage small frequent meals and snacks once vomiting has subsided.
e. Administer antiemetics as prescribed.
2. Address emotional and psychosocial needs. Maintain a non judgmental atmosphere in which the client and family can express concerns and resolve some of their fears.
The etiology of hyper emesis gravidarum is obscure. Suggestive causative factors include:
1. High levels of hCG in early pregnancy.
2. Metabolic or nutritional deficiencies.
3. More common in unmarried white women and first pregnancies.
4. Ambivalence toward the pregnancy or family – related stress.
5. Thyroid dysfunction.
Continued vomiting results in dehydration and ultimately decreases amount of blood and nutrients circulated to the developing fetus. Hospitalization may be required for severe symptoms when the client needs intravenous hydration and correction of metabolic imbalances.
Signs and symptoms occur during the first 16 weeks of pregnancy and are intractable. The clinical manifestations include: unremitting nausea and vomiting, vomiting initially containing undigested food, bile, and mucus; later containing blood and material that resembles coffee ground, and weight loss.
Other common signs and symptoms include: pale dry skin, rapid pulse, fetid fruity breath odor from acidosis, and central nervous system effects such as confusion, headache, and lethargy, stupor, or coma.
The nursing management includes:
1. Promote resolution of the complications.
a. Make sure the client receives nothing by mouth until cessation of vomiting.
b. Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed: they may be given on an ambulatory basis when dehydration is mild.
c. Measure and record fluid intake and output.
d. Encourage small frequent meals and snacks once vomiting has subsided.
e. Administer antiemetics as prescribed.
2. Address emotional and psychosocial needs. Maintain a non judgmental atmosphere in which the client and family can express concerns and resolve some of their fears.
Excessive vomiting during pregnancy