Technically plenum space is any enclosed space in a building that is used for airflow. Usually when people are talking about this space, they are talking about it in regards to it being a fire hazard.
Since there is airflow (oxygen, etc.) in this area and it connects different parts of a building, any fire starting in the plenum space could quickly threaten the entire structure. For this reason there are strict codes on the specifications for cables running through these areas. By the way, cables themselves aren't likely to combust, but plenum-rated cables are not prone to spread fire in the event that one is started.
Read more about plenum space.
Since there is airflow (oxygen, etc.) in this area and it connects different parts of a building, any fire starting in the plenum space could quickly threaten the entire structure. For this reason there are strict codes on the specifications for cables running through these areas. By the way, cables themselves aren't likely to combust, but plenum-rated cables are not prone to spread fire in the event that one is started.
Read more about plenum space.